.npmrc
pnpm mendapatkan konfigurasinya dari baris perintah, variabel lingkungan, dan file .npmrc
.
Perintah pnpm config
dapat digunakan untuk memperbarui dan mengedit konten file pengguna dan global dari .npmrc
.
Empat file yang relevan adalah:
- file konfigurasi per proyek (
/path/to/my/project/.npmrc
) - file konfigurasi per ruang kerja (direktori yang berisi file
pnpm-workspace.yaml
) - file konfigurasi per pengguna (
~/.npmrc
) - file konfigurasi global (
/etc/npmrc
)
Semua file .npmrc
adalah parameter key = value
berformat INI.
Values in the .npmrc
files may contain env variables using the ${NAME}
syntax. The env variables may also be specified with default values. Using ${NAME-fallback}
will return fallback
if NAME
isn't set. ${NAME:-fallback}
will return fallback
if NAME
isn't set, or is an empty string.
Pengaturan Pengangkatan Ketergantungan
hoist
- Default: true
- Ketik: boolean
When true
, all dependencies are hoisted to node_modules/.pnpm/node_modules
. This makes unlisted dependencies accessible to all packages inside node_modules
.
hoist-workspace-packages
- Default: true
- Ketik: boolean
When true
, packages from the workspaces are symlinked to either <workspace_root>/node_modules/.pnpm/node_modules
or to <workspace_root>/node_modules
depending on other hoisting settings (hoist-pattern
and public-hoist-pattern
).
hoist-pattern
- Default: ['*']
- Type: string[]
Tells pnpm which packages should be hoisted to node_modules/.pnpm/node_modules
. By default, all packages are hoisted - however, if you know that only some flawed packages have phantom dependencies, you can use this option to exclusively hoist the phantom dependencies (recommended).
Contohnya:
hoist-pattern[]=*eslint*
hoist-pattern[]=*babel*
You may also exclude patterns from hoisting using !
.
Contohnya:
hoist-pattern[]=*types*
hoist-pattern[]=!@types/react
public-hoist-pattern
- Default: ['*eslint*', '*prettier*']
- Type: string[]
Unlike hoist-pattern
, which hoists dependencies to a hidden modules directory inside the virtual store, public-hoist-pattern
hoists dependencies matching the pattern to the root modules directory. Hoisting to the root modules directory means that application code will have access to phantom dependencies, even if they modify the resolution strategy improperly.
This setting is useful when dealing with some flawed pluggable tools that don't resolve dependencies properly.
Contohnya:
public-hoist-pattern[]=*plugin*
Note: Setting shamefully-hoist
to true
is the same as setting public-hoist-pattern
to *
.
You may also exclude patterns from hoisting using !
.
Contohnya:
public-hoist-pattern[]=*types*
public-hoist-pattern[]=!@types/react
shamefully-hoist
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
By default, pnpm creates a semistrict node_modules
, meaning dependencies have access to undeclared dependencies but modules outside of node_modules
do not. With this layout, most of the packages in the ecosystem work with no issues. However, if some tooling only works when the hoisted dependencies are in the root of node_modules
, you can set this to true
to hoist them for you.
Node-Modules Settings
store-dir
- Asali:
- If the $PNPM_HOME env variable is set, then $PNPM_HOME/store
- If the $XDG_DATA_HOME env variable is set, then $XDG_DATA_HOME/pnpm/store
- On Windows: ~/AppData/Local/pnpm/store
- On macOS: ~/Library/pnpm/store
- On Linux: ~/.local/share/pnpm/store
- Type: path
The location where all the packages are saved on the disk.
The store should be always on the same disk on which installation is happening, so there will be one store per disk. If there is a home directory on the current disk, then the store is created inside it. If there is no home on the disk, then the store is created at the root of the filesystem. For example, if installation is happening on a filesystem mounted at /mnt
, then the store will be created at /mnt/.pnpm-store
. The same goes for Windows systems.
It is possible to set a store from a different disk but in that case pnpm will copy packages from the store instead of hard-linking them, as hard links are only possible on the same filesystem.
modules-dir
- Default: node_modules
- Type: path
The directory in which dependencies will be installed (instead of node_modules
).
node-linker
- Default: isolated
- Type: isolated, hoisted, pnp
Defines what linker should be used for installing Node packages.
- isolated - dependencies are symlinked from a virtual store at
node_modules/.pnpm
. - hoisted - a flat
node_modules
without symlinks is created. Same as thenode_modules
created by npm or Yarn Classic. One of Yarn's libraries is used for hoisting, when this setting is used. Legitimate reasons to use this setting:- Your tooling doesn't work well with symlinks. A React Native project will most probably only work if you use a hoisted
node_modules
. - Your project is deployed to a serverless hosting provider. Some serverless providers (for instance, AWS Lambda) don't support symlinks. An alternative solution for this problem is to bundle your application before deployment.
- If you want to publish your package with
"bundledDependencies"
. - If you are running Node.js with the --preserve-symlinks flag.
- Your tooling doesn't work well with symlinks. A React Native project will most probably only work if you use a hoisted
- pnp - no
node_modules
. Plug'n'Play is an innovative strategy for Node that is used by Yarn Berry. It is recommended to also setsymlink
setting tofalse
when usingpnp
as your linker.
symlink
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When symlink
is set to false
, pnpm creates a virtual store directory without any symlinks. It is a useful setting together with node-linker=pnp
.
enable-modules-dir
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When false
, pnpm will not write any files to the modules directory (node_modules
). This is useful for when the modules directory is mounted with filesystem in userspace (FUSE). There is an experimental CLI that allows you to mount a modules directory with FUSE: @pnpm/mount-modules.
virtual-store-dir
- Default: node_modules/.pnpm
- Types: path
The directory with links to the store. All direct and indirect dependencies of the project are linked into this directory.
This is a useful setting that can solve issues with long paths on Windows. If you have some dependencies with very long paths, you can select a virtual store in the root of your drive (for instance C:\my-project-store
).
Or you can set the virtual store to .pnpm
and add it to .gitignore
. This will make stacktraces cleaner as paths to dependencies will be one directory higher.
NOTE: the virtual store cannot be shared between several projects. Every project should have its own virtual store (except for in workspaces where the root is shared).
package-import-method
- Default: auto
- Type: auto, hardlink, copy, clone, clone-or-copy
Controls the way packages are imported from the store (if you want to disable symlinks inside node_modules
, then you need to change the node-linker setting, not this one).
- auto - try to clone packages from the store. If cloning is not supported then hardlink packages from the store. If neither cloning nor linking is possible, fall back to copying
- hardlink - hard link packages from the store
- clone-or-copy - try to clone packages from the store. If cloning is not supported then fall back to copying
- copy - copy packages from the store
- clone - clone (AKA copy-on-write or reference link) packages from the store
Cloning is the best way to write packages to node_modules. It is the fastest way and safest way. When cloning is used, you may edit files in your node_modules and they will not be modified in the central content-addressable store.
Unfortunately, not all file systems support cloning. We recommend using a copy-on-write (CoW) file system (for instance, Btrfs instead of Ext4 on Linux) for the best experience with pnpm.
modules-cache-max-age
- Default: 10080 (7 days in minutes)
- Type: number
The time in minutes after which orphan packages from the modules directory should be removed. pnpm keeps a cache of packages in the modules directory. This boosts installation speed when switching branches or downgrading dependencies.
Lockfile Settings
lockfile
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When set to false
, pnpm won't read or generate a pnpm-lock.yaml
file.
prefer-frozen-lockfile
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When set to true
and the available pnpm-lock.yaml
satisfies the package.json
dependencies directive, a headless installation is performed. A headless installation skips all dependency resolution as it does not need to modify the lockfile.
lockfile-include-tarball-url
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
Add the full URL to the package's tarball to every entry in pnpm-lock.yaml
.
git-branch-lockfile
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
When set to true
, the generated lockfile name after installation will be named based on the current branch name to completely avoid merge conflicts. For example, if the current branch name is feature-foo
, the corresponding lockfile name will be pnpm-lock.feature-foo.yaml
instead of pnpm-lock.yaml
. It is typically used in conjunction with the command line argument --merge-git-branch-lockfiles
or by setting merge-git-branch-lockfiles-branch-pattern
in the .npmrc
file.
merge-git-branch-lockfiles-branch-pattern
- Default: null
- Type: Array or null
This configuration matches the current branch name to determine whether to merge all git branch lockfile files. By default, you need to manually pass the --merge-git-branch-lockfiles
command line parameter. This configuration allows this process to be automatically completed.
Contohnya:
merge-git-branch-lockfiles-branch-pattern[]=main
merge-git-branch-lockfiles-branch-pattern[]=release*
You may also exclude patterns using !
.
Registry & Authentication Settings
registry
- Default: https://registry.npmjs.org/
- Type: url
The base URL of the npm package registry (trailing slash included).
<scope>:registry
The npm registry that should be used for packages of the specified scope. For example, setting @babel:registry=https://example.com/packages/npm/
will enforce that when you use pnpm add @babel/core
, or any @babel
scoped package, the package will be fetched from https://example.com/packages/npm
instead of the default registry.
<URL>:_authToken
Define the authentication bearer token to use when accessing the specified registry. Misalnya:
//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
You may also use an environment variable. Misalnya:
//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=${NPM_TOKEN}
Or you may just use an environment variable directly, without changing .npmrc
at all:
npm_config_//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
<URL>:tokenHelper
A token helper is an executable which outputs an auth token. This can be used in situations where the authToken is not a constant value but is something that refreshes regularly, where a script or other tool can use an existing refresh token to obtain a new access token.
The configuration for the path to the helper must be an absolute path, with no arguments. In order to be secure, it is only permitted to set this value in the user .npmrc
. Otherwise a project could place a value in a project's local .npmrc
and run arbitrary executables.
Setting a token helper for the default registry:
tokenHelper=/home/ivan/token-generator
Setting a token helper for the specified registry:
//registry.corp.com:tokenHelper=/home/ivan/token-generator
Request Settings
ca
- Default: The npm CA certificate
- Type: String, Array or null
The Certificate Authority signing certificate that is trusted for SSL connections to the registry. Values should be in PEM format (AKA "Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER)"). Misalnya:
ca="-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
Set to null to only allow known registrars, or to a specific CA cert to trust only that specific signing authority.
Multiple CAs can be trusted by specifying an array of certificates:
ca[]="..."
ca[]="..."
See also the strict-ssl
config.
cafile
- Default: null
- Type: path
A path to a file containing one or multiple Certificate Authority signing certificates. Similar to the ca
setting, but allows for multiple CAs, as well as for the CA information to be stored in a file instead of being specified via CLI.
<URL>:cafile
Define the path to a Certificate Authority file to use when accessing the specified registry. Misalnya:
//registry.npmjs.org/:keyfile=client-cert.pem
cert
- Default: null
- Type: String
A client certificate to pass when accessing the registry. Values should be in PEM format (AKA "Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER)"). Misalnya:
cert="-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
It is not the path to a certificate file.
<URL>:certfile
Define the path to a certificate file to use when accessing the specified registry. Misalnya:
//registry.npmjs.org/:certfile=server-cert.pem
key
- Default: null
- Type: String
A client key to pass when accessing the registry. Values should be in PEM format (AKA "Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER)"). Misalnya:
key="-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----"
It is not the path to a key file (and there is no keyfile
option).
This setting contains sensitive information. Don't write it to a local .npmrc
file committed to the repository.
<URL>:keyfile
Define the path to a client key file to use when accessing the specified registry. Misalnya:
//registry.npmjs.org/:keyfile=server-key.pem
git-shallow-hosts
- Default: ['github.com', 'gist.github.com', 'gitlab.com', 'bitbucket.com', 'bitbucket.org']
- Type: string[]
When fetching dependencies that are Git repositories, if the host is listed in this setting, pnpm will use shallow cloning to fetch only the needed commit, not all the history.
https-proxy
- Default: null
- Type: url
A proxy to use for outgoing HTTPS requests. If the HTTPS_PROXY
, https_proxy
, HTTP_PROXY
or http_proxy
environment variables are set, their values will be used instead.
If your proxy URL contains a username and password, make sure to URL-encode them. Contohnya:
https-proxy=https://use%21r:pas%2As@my.proxy:1234/foo
Do not encode the colon (:
) between the username and password.
http-proxy
proxy
- Default: null
- Type: url
A proxy to use for outgoing http requests. If the HTTP_PROXY or http_proxy environment variables are set, proxy settings will be honored by the underlying request library.
local-address
- Default: undefined
- Type: IP Address
The IP address of the local interface to use when making connections to the npm registry.
maxsockets
- Default: network-concurrency x 3
- Type: Number
The maximum number of connections to use per origin (protocol/host/port combination).
noproxy
- Default: null
- Type: String
A comma-separated string of domain extensions that a proxy should not be used for.
strict-ssl
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
Whether or not to do SSL key validation when making requests to the registry via HTTPS.
See also the ca
option.
network-concurrency
- Default: 16
- Type: Number
Controls the maximum number of HTTP(S) requests to process simultaneously.
fetch-retries
- Default: 2
- Type: Number
How many times to retry if pnpm fails to fetch from the registry.
fetch-retry-factor
- Default: 10
- Type: Number
The exponential factor for retry backoff.
fetch-retry-mintimeout
- Default: 10000 (10 seconds)
- Type: Number
The minimum (base) timeout for retrying requests.
fetch-retry-maxtimeout
- Default: 60000 (1 minute)
- Type: Number
The maximum fallback timeout to ensure the retry factor does not make requests too long.
fetch-timeout
- Default: 60000 (1 minute)
- Type: Number
The maximum amount of time to wait for HTTP requests to complete.
Peer Dependency Settings
auto-install-peers
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When true
, any missing non-optional peer dependencies are automatically installed.
Version Conflicts
If there are conflicting version requirements for a peer dependency from different packages, pnpm will not install any version of the conflicting peer dependency automatically. Instead, a warning is printed. For example, if one dependency requires react@^16.0.0
and another requires react@^17.0.0
, these requirements conflict, and no automatic installation will occur.
Conflict Resolution
In case of a version conflict, you'll need to evaluate which version of the peer dependency to install yourself, or update the dependencies to align their peer dependency requirements.
dedupe-peer-dependents
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When this setting is set to true
, packages with peer dependencies will be deduplicated after peers resolution.
For instance, let's say we have a workspace with two projects and both of them have webpack
in their dependencies. webpack
has esbuild
in its optional peer dependencies, and one of the projects has esbuild
in its dependencies. In this case, pnpm will link two instances of webpack
to the node_modules/.pnpm
directory: one with esbuild
and another one without it:
node_modules
.pnpm
webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0
webpack@1.0.0
project1
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
project2
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
esbuild
This makes sense because webpack
is used in two projects, and one of the projects doesn't have esbuild
, so the two projects cannot share the same instance of webpack
. However, this is not what most developers expect, especially since in a hoisted node_modules
, there would only be one instance of webpack
. Therefore, you may now use the dedupe-peer-dependents
setting to deduplicate webpack
when it has no conflicting peer dependencies (explanation at the end). In this case, if we set dedupe-peer-dependents
to true
, both projects will use the same webpack
instance, which is the one that has esbuild
resolved:
node_modules
.pnpm
webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0
project1
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
project2
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
esbuild
What are conflicting peer dependencies? By conflicting peer dependencies we mean a scenario like the following one:
node_modules
.pnpm
webpack@1.0.0_react@16.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0
webpack@1.0.0_react@17.0.0
project1
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
react (v17)
project2
node_modules
webpack -> ../../node_modules/.pnpm/webpack@1.0.0_esbuild@1.0.0/node_modules/webpack
esbuild
react (v16)
In this case, we cannot dedupe webpack
as webpack
has react
in its peer dependencies and react
is resolved from two different versions in the context of the two projects.
strict-peer-dependencies
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
If this is enabled, commands will fail if there is a missing or invalid peer dependency in the tree.
resolve-peers-from-workspace-root
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When enabled, dependencies of the root workspace project are used to resolve peer dependencies of any projects in the workspace. It is a useful feature as you can install your peer dependencies only in the root of the workspace, and you can be sure that all projects in the workspace use the same versions of the peer dependencies.
CLI Settings
[no-]color
- Default: auto
- Type: auto, always, never
Controls colors in the output.
- auto - output uses colors when the standard output is a terminal or TTY.
- always - ignore the difference between terminals and pipes. You’ll rarely want this; in most scenarios, if you want color codes in your redirected output, you can instead pass a
--color
flag to the pnpm command to force it to use color codes. The default setting is almost always what you’ll want. - never - turns off colors. This is the setting used by
--no-color
.